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A study published in 2021 in the ICES Journal of Marine Science by researchers in Canada and Germany showed, for example, that cod catches in Eastern Canada reached a peak in 1968, at 810,000 tons, but fell to 10,559 tons in 2019 following a collapse in fishing stocks.

Predators, meanwhile, contribute to keeping herbivore populations under control, limiting the risk of soil erosion from overgrazing, a 2014 report in the Science journal said. In the oceans, sperm whales mix water and move nutrients through ocean layers with their large bodies, nourishing ecosystems and providing fishing grounds.

Globally, destruction of natural areas coupled with climate change enabled 4.3 million square km of land (1.7 million square miles), an area larger than India, to turn dry between 1990 and 2020, according to figures released in 2024 by the U.N.

For example, research published in 2011 as part of The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity initiative suggested that loss of small mammal species contributes to the spread of diseases such as hantaviruses.

It is estimated, however, that great whale numbers have declined between 66% and 90% since commercial whaling began about 1,000 years ago, which means that they are making less of a contribution to keeping oceans plentiful.

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From the large whales that mix ocean waters and make them more able to sustain life to tapirs that help the Amazon forest grow and provide rainwater to South America, the planet's biodiversity is deeply connected to humanity's well-being.

Run through January this encourages participants give up a personal pleasure such as alcohol, chocolate, social media for month to both show support to those affected by pancreatic cancer but also raise funds for the charity Pancreatic Cancer Action. 

Biodiversity is essential to keeping ecosystems healthy food frankfurt and able to provide humanity with what are called ecosystem services such as food, crop pollination, soil protection, cooling, fresh water and even leisure.

Research published in 2020 by the Proceedings of the Royal Society B journal showed that five out of seven crops studied in the United States already lacked enough pollinators, such as bees, to secure full development.

Emma's sister Hayley Penfold, 51, told The Sun: 'She was back and forth to the doctors who told her to keep a food diary and put it down to multiple food intolerances, IBS symptoms, and wheat sensitivity.'

Wild animal meat accounts for up to 80% of the animal protein consumed by populations in some rural regions of West and Central Africa, which makes it key both to the local economy as well as to food security, said the WWF report.

In grassland ecosystems, hoofed terrestrial herbivores compact the bare ground and soil, altering landscapes and promoting higher biodiversity, a 2024 assessment of research published in the Nature Ecology & Evolution journal showed.

Humans also consume up to 2,500 freshwater fish species, research published in 2023 by the WIRES Water journal said, and a 2011 report in the Fish and Fisheries journal estimated that marine fisheries provide more than 200 million full-time jobs globally.

In the case of the Amazon, a 2019 paper published in the Biotropica journal by Brazilian researchers found that tapirs distribute seeds over long distances and help speed the recovery of disturbed forests.

A 2018 study published by the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B concluded that many human populations are undergoing an "extinction of experience," as destruction of habitats and concentration in urban areas makes interactions with wildlife more rare. (Reporting by Andre Cabette Fabio; Editing by Ellen Wulfhorst. The Thomson Reuters Foundation is the charitable arm of Thomson Reuters. Visit website biodiversity impacts every corner of human life